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In music, the double harmonic major scale〔Stetina, Troy (1999). ''The Ultimate Scale Book'', p.59. ISBN 0-7935-9788-9.〕 is a scale whose gaps may sound "exotic" to Western listeners. This is also known as the Arabic,〔〔Christiansen, Mike (2003). ''Mel Bay Complete Guitar Scale Dictionary'', p.43. ISBN 0-7866-6994-2.〕 Gypsy major,〔Jonathan Bellman, ''The "Style hongrois" in the Music of Western Europe'' (Boston: (Northeastern University Press ), 1993): 120. ISBN 1-55553-169-5.〕 and Byzantine scale. It can be likened to a gypsy scale because of the augmented step between the 2nd and 3rd degrees. ''Arabic scale'' may also refer to any Arabic mode, the simplest of which, however, to Westerners, resembles the double harmonic major scale.〔"R. G. Kiesewetter's 'Die Musik der Araber': A Pioneering Ethnomusicological Study of Arabic Writings on Music", p.12. Philip V. Bohlman. ''Asian Music'', Vol. 18, No. 1. (Autumn - Winter, 1986), pp. 164-196.〕 The sequence of steps comprising the double harmonic scale is: *half – augmented second – half – whole – half – augmented second – half. Or, in relation to the tonic note: *minor 2nd, major 3rd, perfect 4th and 5th, minor 6th, major 7th. However, this scale is commonly represented with the first and last half step each being represented as a quarter tone. The non-quarter tone form () is identical to the North Indian Thaat named Bhairav and the South Indian (Carnatic) Melakarta named Mayamalavagowla. The double harmonic scale is arrived at by either: *raising the seventh of the Phrygian dominant scale, (a mode of the harmonic minor scale), by a semitone. *raising the seventh and third of the Phrygian mode, (a mode of the Major Scale), by a semitone. *lowering both the sixth and second of a major scale by a semitone. *lowering the 2nd note of a harmonic major scale by a semitone. *combining the lower half of phrygian dominant with the upper half of harmonic minor.〔 It is referred to as the "double harmonic" scale because it contains two harmonic tetrads featuring augmented seconds. By contrast both the harmonic major and harmonic minor scales contain only one augmented second, located between their sixth and seventh degrees. The double harmonic scale is uncommonly used in classical music from Western culture, as it does not closely follow any of the basic musical modes, nor is it easily derived from them. It also does not easily fit into common Western chord progressions such as the authentic cadence. This is because it is mostly used as a modal scale, not intended for much movement through chord progressions. The Arabic scale (in the key of E) was used in Nikolas Roubanis's "Misirlou", and in the Bacchanale from the opera ''Samson and Delilah'' by Saint-Saëns. Claude Debussy used the scale in "Soirée dans Grenade", "La Puerta del Vino", and "Sérénade interrompue" to evoke Spanish flamenco music or Moorish heritage.〔Elie Robert Schmitz, Virgil Thomson (1966). ''The piano works of Claude Debussy'', p.28. ISBN 0-486-21567-9.〕 In popular music, Ritchie Blackmore of Deep Purple and Rainbow used the scale in pieces such as "Gates of Babylon" and "Stargazer".〔http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSsp7GlPFdA〕〔It can be verified in 36:38 minutes of the video〕 The Miles Davis jazz standard "Nardis" also makes use of the double harmonic. ==Symmetry and balance== The double harmonic scale features radial symmetry, or symmetry around its root, or center note. Breaking up the three note chromaticism and removing this symmetry by sharpening the 2nd or flattening the 7th note respectively by one semitone yields the harmonic major and Phrygian Dominant mode of the harmonic minor scales respectively, each of which, unlike the double harmonic minor scale, has a full diminished chord backbone. This scale (and its modes like the Hungarian minor scale) is the only irreducibly periodic seven-note subset of the equally tempered chromatic scale that is ''perfectly balanced''; this means that when its pitches are represented as points in a circle (whose full circumference represents an octave), their average position (or "centre of mass") is the centre of the circle.〔Milne, A.J., Bulger, D., Herff, S.A. Sethares, W.A. ("Perfect balance: A novel principle for the construction of musical scales and meters" ), ''Mathematics and Computation in Music'' (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 9110, pp. 97–108) Heidelberg: Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-20602-8〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Double harmonic scale」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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